Impact of Endophytic Microorganisms on plants, environment and human-A review

Abstract

Endophytes are microorganisms (bacteria or fungi or actinomycetes ) that dwell within robust plant tissues by having a symbiotic association. They are ubiquitously associated with almost all plants studied till date. Some commonly found endophytic are those belonging to the genera En-terobacter, Colletotrichum, Phomopsis, Phyllosticta, Cladosporium and so forth. Endophytic population is greatly affected by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. They produce a wide range of compounds useful for plants for their growth, protection to envi-ronmental conditions and sustainability, in favour of a good dwelling place within the host. They protect plants from herb ivory by producing certain compounds which will prevent animals from further grazing on the same plant and sometimes act as biocontrol agents. a large amout of bio-active compounds produced by them not only are useful for plants but also are of economical importance to humans . They serve as antibiotics, drugs and medicines.